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The documents listed in the bibliography below provide detailed explanation of the technical issues surrounding the blackouts. Selected items will be linked for on-line access as they are digitized; in the meantime they may be used to guide visitors to library and archival resources.

Utilities

Hirsh, Richard F. 1989. Technology and Transformation in the American Electric Utility Industry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hughes, Thomas P. 1979. "Technological History and Technical Problems." In Science, Technology and the Human Prospect: Proceedings of the Edison Centennial Symposium. Edited by Chauncey Starr and Philip C. Ritterbush. New York: Pergamon Press, 1979.

[open document in Adobe Acrobat]Rudolph, Richard and Scott Ridley. 1986. Power Struggle: The Hundred-Year War over Electricity. New York: Harper & Row.

Rubinstein, Ellis and Gordon D. Friedlander. March 1975. "Cash Crunch Dims Power Prospects." IEEE Spectrum: 40-44.

Con Edison

Lurkis, Alexander. 1982. The Power Brink: Con Edison, A Centennial of Electricity. New York: Icare Press.

Reliability

[open document in Adobe Acrobat]Ewart, D.N. April 1978. "Whys and Wherefores of Power System Blackouts." IEEE Spectrum: 36-41.

[open document in Adobe Acrobat]Albrecht, Paul F. August 1978. "Evaluating System Reliability." IEEE Spectrum: 43-47.

[open document in Adobe Acrobat]Concordia, Charles. August 1968. "Considerations in Planning for Reliable Electric Service." IEEE Spectrum: 71-76.

[open document in Adobe Acrobat]Fink, Lester H. and Kjell Carlsen. March 1978. "Operating under Stress and Strain." IEEE Spectrum: 48-53.

Park, R.H. May 1978. "Hardware and Software for System Protection: A Survey of Control Techniques that Minimize Both the Occurence and the Duration of Blackouts." IEEE Spectrum: 40-45.

U.S. Federal Power Commission. nd. [April 1977?] "Reports on Electric Power Disturbances during the First Quarter of 1977." Typed ms. Courtesy of U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Library.

Interconnection

[open document in Adobe Acrobat]Ewald, Earl and D. W. Angland. April 1964. "Regional Integration of Electric Power Systems." IEEE Spectrum: 96-101.

[open document in Adobe Acrobat]Happ, H.H. March 1973. "Power Pools and Superpools." IEEE Spectrum: 54-61.

[open document in Adobe Acrobat]Hicks, K.L. November 1967. "Disaster Control Coordination for Large Interconnected Systems." IEEE Spectrum: 52-55.

[open document in Adobe Acrobat]Rincliffe, R.G. January 1967. "Planning and Operation of a Large Power Pool." IEEE Spectrum: 91-96.

Demand and Load Management

[open document in Adobe Acrobat]Balet, W.J. and R.L. Webb. September 1966. "Reactive Power Control in a Metro System." IEEE Spectrum: 141-144.

Burby, Raymond, et. al. 1985. Electric Utility Load Management: Marketing Strategies and Tactics. Totowa: Rowman & Allanheld.

[open document in Adobe Acrobat]Schur, Sam, Calvin C. Burwell, Warren D. Devine, Jr. and Sidney Sonenblum. 1990. Electricity in the American Economy: Agent of Technological Progress. New York: Greenwood Press.

Energy, Environment, Growth & Alternatives

[open document in Adobe Acrobat]Friedlander, Gordon D. November 1970. "Power, Pollution, and the Imperilled Environment." IEEE Spectrum: 40-50.

Lovins, Amory B. "Energy Strategy: The Road Not Taken?" Foreign Affairs.

[open document in Adobe Acrobat]Nagel, T.J. "Electric Power's Role in the U.S. Energy Crisis." July 1974. IEEE Spectrum: 69-72.

Roberts, Marc J. and Jeremy S. Bluhm. 1981. The Choices of Power: Utilities Face the Environmental Challenge. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Schweppe, Fred C. July 1978. "Power Systems '2000': Hierarchical Control Strategies." IEEE Spectrum: 42-47.

Reference

Hyman, Leonard S. 1985. America's Electric Utilities: Past, Present and Future. 2nd Ed. Arlington: Public Utilities Reports, Inc.

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. 1988. Fourth Edition. IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms. New York: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

 

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jts{27 June 2000}